A total of 559 fragments of animal bones and other animal skeletal elements recovered from Tokwa (Mirzapur District, U.P.) were analysed using a standard protocol developed at the Archaeozoology Laboratory of the Deccan College, Pune. The basic identification was carried out at Allahabad, and only a few fragments were brought to the Deccan College for detailed studies and to consult the reference collection. Processing of the data was done at the Deccan College using the computer based system of analysis. The study revealed presence of only two domestic species - cattle and goat in the Neolithic phase. The wild mammals identified in the Neolithic context are gaur, nilgai, blackbuck, spotted deer, sambar, porcupine, house rat, and the bandicoot rat, jungle fowl, peafowl, Saras crane, crocodile, monitor lizard, freshwater cat fish, rohu and freshwater mussel. In the Chalcolithic phase the buffalo, domestic pig, sheep and domestic ass were found in addition to the cattle and goat. The wild or domestic status of the buffaloes could not be ascertained. The spectrum of wild animals is much narrower than the Neolithic phase. Only four wild mammals were found in this phase - the gaur, blackbuck, four-horned antelope and spotted deer.